ONTARIO COURT OF JUSTICE
BETWEEN:
HELENA MELO,
Applicant,
— AND —
DENIS MELO,
Respondent.
Before Provincial Judge Paddy A. Hardman
Reasons for Judgment released on 3 March 1999
SUPPORT ORDERS — Assessment of quantum — Child support guidelines — Deviation from table amount — General — Potential clash of regulatory and judicial cultures — Table amounts in guidelines are arbitrary computer-generated figures, not particularly applicable to any set of circumstances and productive of unfairness in some cases and even deliberately unfair in few cases — They are attempt by mere regulation to oust “judicial” determination of parent’s capacity to pay and needs of particular child — Court’s obligation to act judicially is perhaps higher responsibility and therefore, it is open to judges to decide to order child support outside guidelines.
The married father of four children had had a “dating relationship” with another woman and a child (now almost three years old) was the result. His gross income for 1997 was $46,111.94 and he seemed to be the only income earner in his household. The child‘s mother was on welfare. The father bore an extraordinary cost for employment transportation and the parties agreed that it should be offset by reducing his gross annual income by $3,000. On the reduced amount of $43,100, the child support guideline would require the father to make a monthly payment of $371 to the mother.
The father argued that, in light of the obligations to his other family, the guideline figure was too harsh. He admitted that he could not qualify under the guidelines’ “undue hardship” exceptions but argued that the
court should exercise its discretion under subsection 33(1) of the Family Law Reform Act, which imposed the child support obligation on each parent “to the extent that the parent is capable of doing so.” Unfortunately, later subsections of that Act clearly narrowed and even negated that discretion by confining the court to have regard only to the child support guidelines.
Held:— The father was to make monthly child support payments of $371.
The rigid approach to child support imposed by the guidelines will not always produce a fair and judicial order of child support. It is almost impossible to identify all of the potential arbitrary and unreasonable outcomes because each set of facts and circumstances before the court will be different. By contrast,
the table amounts in the guidelines are arbitrary computer-generated sets of figures, not particularly applicable to any set of circumstances — a fact openly admitted in the study papers prepared for the federal government when the guidelines were still in the planning stage. Thus, the combined effect of the Act and the guidelines requires a court to ignore the specific needs and abilities of the parties before the court and instead to follow the “best guess” of the guidelines. The government policy behind the guidelines is the potential reduction in litigation with the presumption that, generally, such a reduction works in the best interests of children.
That approach, however, will inevitably result in some unfairness but it seems that, in certain situations, it will deliberately create unfairness.
Essentially, a regulation (in the form of the child support guidelines) establishes the capacity to pay and the needs of a child; a judge does not. Ostensibly, there can be no “judicial” determination of the issue. The only discretion would appear to lie in subsection 33(1) of the Family Law Act — whether to make any child support order at all — but, once a court chooses to award support, subsection 33(11) then seems to compel the court to rely on the arbitrary figures in the guideline tables.
Nevertheless, the obligation to act judicially is perhaps a higher responsibility than that to follow regulations purporting to restrict appropriate discretion. Therefore, it may be open to judges to decide to order child support outside the guidelines.
In this particular case, however, the court evaluated the particular circumstances of the mother and the father, taking into account the circumstances in the father’s home and the ability in that home to have access to other income, if required, and concluded that it would not seem appropriate to exercise its discretion to deviate from the guideline amount.
The part in red is probably what is going to happen to me, but I certainly have a right to try and direct the CS into something that I think is more in the best interest of the children (incentive for them to pursue a healthy relationship with us). Not instead allow the mother to walk away with a fist full of more money to go on giving lip service of how she is "following the children's wishes"!
Apologies can be sent to my INBOX!!
